PRELIMS: INTRODUCTION

Allotment

1. I. BASIC  CONCEPTS

1. II. LOGIC & LANGUAGE

1. III. STRUCTURE OF ARGUMENTS

1. 1. To orient the students with the basics of concepts, such as:

• Meaning of Philosophy
• Branches of Philosophy
• Definition of Logic
• Core of Logic
• Types of Logic
• Basic Technical Terms

1. 2. To elaborate on the idea of Logic as an Organon towards truth

1. 1. To distinguish, through explanation and examples, the forms and functions of language.
2. 2. To discuss the nature of emotive words
3. 3. To discuss Disagreements & their types

1. 1. To identify and understand the parts of an argument
2. 2. To diagram an argument
3. 3. To distinguish an argument from a non-argument
4. 4. To distinguish, through explanation and examples, a deductive argument from an inductive argument
5. 5. To discuss the concepts of Truth, Validity, and Soundness

• Transparencies with OHP
• Handouts

• Lecture and Exercises

• Preliminary Examination
• Quizzes
• Seatwork
• Assignments
• Report

6 days

(12 hrs)

MIDTERMS:

ARISTOTELIAN CATEGORICAL SYLLOGISTIC LOGIC

Allotment

1. I. CATEGORICAL TERM

1. II. CATEGORICAL PROPOSITION

1. III. CATEGORICAL SYLLOGISM

1. IV. FORMS OF IMMEDIATE INFERENCE

1. V. OTHER FORMS OF MEDIATE INFERENCE

1. VI. Inductive Arguments & the Scientific Method

1. 1. To  define and understand the categorical term
2. 2. To discuss the “comprehension” and “extension” of a term
3. 3. To analyze a term according to its Quantity & Distribution
4. 4. Identify the kinds of terms (Univocal, Equivocal, & Analogous)

1. 1. To explain the Categorical Proposition & its standard forms
2. 2. To analyze a Categorical Proposition according to its quality, quantity, & distribution
3. 3. To analyze a Categorical Proposition using the Venn Diagram

1. 1. To understand the Categorical Syllogism through the syllogistic rules
2. 2. To analyze the validity of the “logical form” of a Categorical Syllogism through its “mood” and “figure”
3. 3. To analyze a Categorical Syllogism using a Venn Diagram

1. 1. To identify and distinguish, through explanation and examples, an immediate from a mediate inference.
2. 2. To discuss the Traditional Square of Opposition
3. 3. To identify and understand the different forms of “Eduction” (conversion, obversion, contraposition, & inversion)

1. 1. To discuss and cite examples of the different types of Hypothetical Syllogism
2. 2. To indentify and explain the special mediate inference, such as Enthymemes, Epichireme, Polysyllogism, Sorites, & Dilemma

1. 1. To explain the reasoning mechanism of an inductive argument
2. To see the importance of the inductive method in the Empirical Sciences

• Transparencies with OHP
• Handouts

• Lecture and Exercises

• MidtermExamination
• Quizzes
• Seatwork
• Assignments
• Report

10 days

(20 hrs)

FINAL TERM:

FALLACIES &

SYMBOLIC LOGIC

Allotment

1. I. FALLACIES

1. II. SYMBOLIC PROPOSITION LOGIC: TRUTH-FUCNTIONAL ANALYSIS

1. III. PARADOXES OF MATERIAL IMPLICATION

1. IV. SHORT-CUT TRUTH TABLE METHOD & FORKING

1. V. PROOFS OF VALIDITY

1. VI. SYMBOLIC PREDICATE LOGIC: QUANTIES AND QUANTIFIERS

1. 1. To explain the erroneous process of thinking in the fallacies
2. 2. To identify and understand the types of formal fallacies
3. 3. To identify and understand the different types of informal fallacies

1. 1. To explain the nature of symbolic propositional logic
2. 2. To discuss propositions & truth-values
3. 3. To identify & understand the different Basic Logical Operators, their truth functions, and how they can be analyzed through truth tables

To understand the paradoxes in the nature of material implication

To analyze the truth function of propositions through the short-cut truth table method & forking

1. 1. To identify & explain the different rules of replacement
2. 2. To indentify & explain the different rules of inference
3. 3. To construct formal proofs through the different rules

1. 1. To explain the rationale behind predicate logic
2. 2. To discuss the theory of quantification
3. 3. To discuss the quantifiers and connectives
4. 4. To construct formula

• Transparencies with OHP
• Handouts

• Lecture and Exercises

• Final Examination
• Quizzes
• Seatwork
• Assignments
• Report

11 days

(22 hrs)